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Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 8N(Treatment) : 8Sex : MaleAge : 24-45 (29+/-3 years)Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : two capsules containing Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) (a total GBE dose of 240 mg: general daily dose in human)Duration : 2 weeksType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : NifedipineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mgResult : NegativeRemark : Simultaneous oral ingestion of GBE (240 mg) did not significantly affect any of the mean pharmacokinetic parameters of either nifedipine (NFP) or dehydronifedipine, a major metabolite of NEP, after oral administration of NFP (10 mg). However, the maximal plasma NFP concentrations in 2 subjects were approximately doubled by GBE.Note : Subjects : Healthy volunteers Accordingly, it was concluded that GBE and NEP should not be simultaneously ingested as much as possible, and careful monitoring is needed when administering NEP concomitantly with GBE to humans.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : EBb 761Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Double-blind trialN(Total) : 20 (M/F=8/12)N(Treatment) : 10 (M/F=4/6)Sex : Both sexAge : 39.2+/-14.0 yearsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 120 mg/day as a single doseDuration : 3 monthsType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : MetforminDose/Conc.(drug) : 500 mg (single dose)Result : NegativeRemark : Subject treatment: Normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin were all significantly different (P<0.05) between the NGT (500 mg) and 8 out of 10 of the T2DM subjects who were prescribed 500 mg of metformin during the placebo cycles. During the EGb 761 cycles, only the elimination half-life in the T2DM subjects was significantly increased (0.117+/-0.085 to 0.141+/-0.100, P<0.05). Conclusion: The co-ingestion of 120 mg of EGb 761 and 500 mg of metformin did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of metformin.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : EBb 761Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 20 (M/F=8/12)N(Treatment) : 10 (M/F=4/6)Sex : Both sexAge : 39.2+/-14.0 yearsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 120 mg/day as a single doseDuration : 3 monthsType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : MetforminDose/Conc.(drug) : 500 mg (single dose)Result : NegativeRemark : Subject treatment: Normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin were all significantly different (P<0.05) between the NGT (500 mg) and 8 out of 10 of the T2DM subjects who were prescribed 500 mg of metformin during the placebo cycles. During the EGb 761 cycles, only the elimination half-life in the T2DM subjects was significantly increased (0.117+/-0.085 to 0.141+/-0.100, P<0.05). Conclusion: The co-ingestion of 120 mg of EGb 761 and 500 mg of metformin did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of metformin.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : EGb 761Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Double-blind trialN(Total) : 20 (M/F=8/12)N(Treatment) : 10 (M/F=4/6)Sex : Both sexAge : 51.7+/-8.9 yearsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 120 mg/day as a single doseDuration : 3 monthsType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : MetforminDose/Conc.(drug) : 250-850 mgResult : NegativeRemark : Subject treatment: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients T2DM subject took his/her prescribed metformin dose (250-850 mg) with 120 mg EGb 761 Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin were all significantly different (P<0.05) between the NGT (500 mg) and 8 out of 10 of the T2DM subjects who were prescribed 500 mg of metformin during the placebo cycles. During the EGb 761 cycles, only the elimination half-life in the T2DM subjects was significantly increased (0.117+/-0.085 to 0.141+/-0.100, P<0.05). Conclusion: The co-ingestion of 120 mg of EGb 761 and 500 mg of metformin did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of metformin.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : EGb 761Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 20 (M/F=8/12)N(Treatment) : 10 (M/F=4/6)Sex : Both sexAge : 51.7+/-8.9 yearsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 120 mg/day as a single doseDuration : 3 monthsType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : MetforminDose/Conc.(drug) : 250-850 mgResult : NegativeRemark : Subject treatment: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients T2DM subject took his/her prescribed metformin dose (250-850 mg) with 120 mg EGb 761 Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin were all significantly different (P<0.05) between the NGT (500 mg) and 8 out of 10 of the T2DM subjects who were prescribed 500 mg of metformin during the placebo cycles. During the EGb 761 cycles, only the elimination half-life in the T2DM subjects was significantly increased (0.117+/-0.085 to 0.141+/-0.100, P<0.05). Conclusion: The co-ingestion of 120 mg of EGb 761 and 500 mg of metformin did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of metformin.
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 10 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (IV)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: pretreatment of rats with GBE resulted in an increase in the total clearance of theophylline of about 30% (GBE 10 mg/kg, P<0.05) and 70% (GBE 100 mg/kg, P<0.01) compared with the control group after intravenous administration of theophylline (10 mg/kg).
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 100 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (IV)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: pretreatment of rats with GBE resulted in an increase in the total clearance of theophylline of about 30% (GBE 10 mg/kg, P<0.05) and 70% (GBE 100 mg/kg, P<0.01) compared with the control group after intravenous administration of theophylline (10 mg/kg).
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 10 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (PO)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: The oral clearance was significantly increased following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.05; 100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The AUC0-24 h was reduced by 16.3% following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg), although the difference was not statistically significant. However, the AUC0-24 h was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The Cmax of theophylline was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg va control, P <0.05), but the time to reach maximum concentration after treatment was unchanged.
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 100 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (PO)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: The oral clearance was significantly increased following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.05; 100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The AUC0-24 h was reduced by 16.3% following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg), although the difference was not statistically significant. However, the AUC0-24 h was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The Cmax of theophylline was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg va control, P <0.05), but the time to reach maximum concentration after treatment was unchanged.
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : 12N(Treatment) : 12Sex : MaleAge : 20-36 yrsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 2 tablets x 3 times dailyDuration : 1 week with at least 14-day washoutType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : There were no significant changes observed in the pharmacokinetic parameters of S- or R-warfarin in healthy male subjects following treatment with ginkgo or ginger. The urinary excretion rate of S-7-hydroxywarfarin after administration of warfarin alone was no significant difference following treatment with either ginkgo or ginger.Note : Each ginger tablet containing 0.4 g of ginger rhizome powder Each Gingko tablet equivalent to 2 g of Ginkgo biloba leaf (9.6 mg of ginkgo flavonglycosides, 2.4 mg of ginkgolides and bilobalide)
