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Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 10 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (IV)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: pretreatment of rats with GBE resulted in an increase in the total clearance of theophylline of about 30% (GBE 10 mg/kg, P<0.05) and 70% (GBE 100 mg/kg, P<0.01) compared with the control group after intravenous administration of theophylline (10 mg/kg).
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 100 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (IV)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: pretreatment of rats with GBE resulted in an increase in the total clearance of theophylline of about 30% (GBE 10 mg/kg, P<0.05) and 70% (GBE 100 mg/kg, P<0.01) compared with the control group after intravenous administration of theophylline (10 mg/kg).
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 10 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (PO)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: The oral clearance was significantly increased following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.05; 100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The AUC0-24 h was reduced by 16.3% following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg), although the difference was not statistically significant. However, the AUC0-24 h was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The Cmax of theophylline was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg va control, P <0.05), but the time to reach maximum concentration after treatment was unchanged.
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : G. biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE 100 mg/kgDuration : 5 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Theophylline*/AminophyllineDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 mg/kg (PO)Result : PositiveRemark : Results: The oral clearance was significantly increased following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.05; 100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The AUC0-24 h was reduced by 16.3% following pretreatment with GBE (10 mg/kg), although the difference was not statistically significant. However, the AUC0-24 h was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg vs control, P < 0.01). The Cmax of theophylline was significantly reduced by pretreatment with GBE (100 mg/kg va control, P <0.05), but the time to reach maximum concentration after treatment was unchanged.
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : quercetin (Que)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Que 25 mcg/mlDuration : Cultured human primary hepatocytes were treated for 24 h with QueType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: All flavonoids of EGb 761 failed to induce any tested human drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or drug transporters in human hepatocytes, revealing a discrepancy between the potent activation of NRs in HepG2 cells and the lack of induction of their target genes in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : kaempferol (Kae)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Kae 20 mcg/mlDuration : Cultured human primary hepatocytes were treated for 24 h with KaeType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: All flavonoids of EGb 761 failed to induce any tested human drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or drug transporters in human hepatocytes, revealing a discrepancy between the potent activation of NRs in HepG2 cells and the lack of induction of their target genes in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : tamarixetin (Tam)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Tam 10 mcg/mlDuration : Cultured human primary hepatocytes were treated for 24 h with TamType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: All flavonoids of EGb 761 failed to induce any tested human drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or drug transporters in human hepatocytes, revealing a discrepancy between the potent activation of NRs in HepG2 cells and the lack of induction of their target genes in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : The standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (EGb 761)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : EGb 761 100 mcg/mlDuration : HepG2 cells were treated for 48 h with EGb 761Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: The results from human hepatocytes, flavonoids of EGb 761 are associated with potent induction of UGT1A1 and CYP1A2 mRNA expression in treated HepG2 cells, whereas typical activators of pregnane X receptor (PXR) (RIF 10 microM) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) (CITCO 1 microM) demonstrated no effects on UGT1A1 induction due to the negligible expression of these receptors in HepG2 cells.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : quercetin (Que)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Que 25 mcg/mlDuration : HepG2 cells were treated for 48 h with QueType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: The results from human hepatocytes, flavonoids of EGb 761 are associated with potent induction of UGT1A1 and CYP1A2 mRNA expression in treated HepG2 cells, whereas typical activators of pregnane X receptor (PXR) (RIF 10 microM) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) (CITCO 1 microM) demonstrated no effects on UGT1A1 induction due to the negligible expression of these receptors in HepG2 cells.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : CYP1A2 INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : kaempferol (Kae)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Kae 20 mcg/mlDuration : HepG2 cells were treated for 48 h with KaeType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: The results from human hepatocytes, flavonoids of EGb 761 are associated with potent induction of UGT1A1 and CYP1A2 mRNA expression in treated HepG2 cells, whereas typical activators of pregnane X receptor (PXR) (RIF 10 microM) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) (CITCO 1 microM) demonstrated no effects on UGT1A1 induction due to the negligible expression of these receptors in HepG2 cells.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
