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| Thai / English name |
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (ppt)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Non-specifiedDose/Conc.(herb) : ppt 100 mMDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: ppt exhibited strong noncompetitive inhibition towards UGT1A1 and competitive inhibition towards UGT2B7. The inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were calculated to be 8.8 and 2.2 mM for UGT1A1 and UGT2B7, respectively. Using the maximum plasma concentration of ppt, the alteration of area under the concentration-time curve as calculated to be 20% and 70% respectively for UGT1A1-mediated and UGT2B7-mediated metabolism.Note : Due to the lack of specific substrates for various UGT isoforms, the nonspecific probe substrate 4-MU and recombinant UGT enzymes were brought to bear on the present study.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : TrifluroperazineDose/Conc.(drug) : 60 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Results: Gingseng root extract inhibited trifluoperazine glucoronide (UGT1A4) in human liver microsome with Rough IC50 values of 368.4+/-66.6 microgram/ml. For a RDI 550 mg, this would result in VDI of 1.5 l/dose.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 5.3 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : TrifluroperazineDose/Conc.(drug) : 60 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Results: Gingseng root extract inhibited trifluoperazine glucoronide (UGT1A4) in human liver microsome with Rough IC50 values of 368.4+/-66.6 microgram/ml. For a RDI 550 mg, this would result in VDI of 1.5 l/dose.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 0.53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : TrifluroperazineDose/Conc.(drug) : 60 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Results: Gingseng root extract inhibited trifluoperazine glucoronide (UGT1A4) in human liver microsome with Rough IC50 values of 368.4+/-66.6 microgram/ml. For a RDI 550 mg, this would result in VDI of 1.5 l/dose.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Serotonin*/5-hydroxytryptamine/5-HTDose/Conc.(drug) : 8 mMResult : NegativeRemark : Results: data points did not fit the IC50 curve.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 5.3 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Serotonin*/5-hydroxytryptamine/5-HTDose/Conc.(drug) : 8 mMResult : NegativeRemark : Results: data points did not fit the IC50 curve.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 0.53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Serotonin*/5-hydroxytryptamine/5-HTDose/Conc.(drug) : 8 mMResult : NegativeRemark : Results: data points did not fit the IC50 curve.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Mycophenolic acid*/Mycophenolate/MMF/MPA/MofetilDose/Conc.(drug) : 240 micromolarResult : NegativeRemark : Results: Ginseng root extract inhibited mycophenolic acid beta-D-glucoronide (UGT1A9) in human liver microsome with Rough IC50 values of 298.6+/-29.1 microgram/ml. For a RDI 550 mg, this would result in VDI of 1.8 l/dose.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 5.3 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Mycophenolic acid*/Mycophenolate/MMF/MPA/MofetilDose/Conc.(drug) : 240 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Results: Ginseng root extract inhibited mycophenolic acid beta-D-glucoronide (UGT1A9) in human liver microsome with Rough IC50 values of 298.6+/-29.1 microgram/ml. For a RDI 550 mg, this would result in VDI of 1.8 l/dose.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : รากActivity : HEPATIC UDP GLUCORONOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY DECREASESolvent/Active Compound : 60% EthanolType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 0.53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Mycophenolic acid*/Mycophenolate/MMF/MPA/MofetilDose/Conc.(drug) : 240 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Results: Ginseng root extract inhibited mycophenolic acid beta-D-glucoronide (UGT1A9) in human liver microsome with Rough IC50 values of 298.6+/-29.1 microgram/ml. For a RDI 550 mg, this would result in VDI of 1.8 l/dose.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
