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Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1 (protopanaxatriol-type saponin)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 5-20 micromolar of Rg1Duration : 2 h in a CO2 incubatorType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Daunorubicin*/Daunomycin/RubidomycinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: Rg1 did not have any effects on the accumulation of P-gp substrate daunorubicin.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : The hydrolyzed metabolites of ginsenosides M4Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 5 micromolar of M4Duration : 2 h in a CO2 incubatorType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Daunorubicin*/Daunomycin/RubidomycinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: M4 significantly increased the accumulation of P-gp substrate daunorubicin 3.6-fold, to a similar extent in the presence of 20 micromolar cyclosporine A. At higher concentrations the accumulation decreased. No stimulation effects were observed for these ginsenoside metabolites on the cellular accumulation of daunorubicin in drug-sensitive KB3-1 cells.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : The hydrolyzed metabolites of ginsenosides M4Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10 micromolar of M4Duration : 2 h in a CO2 incubatorType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Daunorubicin*/Daunomycin/RubidomycinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: M4 significantly increased the accumulation of P-gp substrate daunorubicin 3.6-fold, to a similar extent in the presence of 20 micromolar cyclosporine A. At higher concentrations the accumulation decreased. No stimulation effects were observed for these ginsenoside metabolites on the cellular accumulation of daunorubicin in drug-sensitive KB3-1 cells.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : The hydrolyzed metabolites of ginsenosides M1Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 5 micromolar of M1Duration : 2 h in a CO2 incubatorType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Daunorubicin*/Daunomycin/RubidomycinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: M1 increased the accumulation of P-gp substrate daunorubicin, but the effects were less than that of M4.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : The hydrolyzed metabolites of ginsenosides M12Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : NSN(Treatment) : NSSex : -Age : NSRoute : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 5 micromolar of M12Duration : 2 h in a CO2 incubatorType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Daunorubicin*/Daunomycin/RubidomycinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: M12 increased the accumulation of P-gp substrate daunorubicin, but the effects were less than that of M4.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : 24N(Treatment) : 24Sex : MaleAge : 26 +/- 5 yearsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : 25 mgResult : PositiveRemark : Pretreatment with Asian ginseng produced only a moderate increase in S-warfarin clearance (CL)/bioavailability (F).Note : Type of clinical study: randomized, open-label, controlled, 3-treatment, and 3-sequence crossover studies with at least a 14-day washout period between study periods of dosing. Subjects: healthy male subjects received a single 25 mg dose warfarin with or without pretreatment with Commission E19 recommended daily doses of St John's wort, Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng), ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), or ginger from commercially available products of known quality.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 24N(Treatment) : 24Sex : MaleAge : 26 +/- 5 yearsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : 25 mgResult : PositiveRemark : Pretreatment with Asian ginseng produced only a moderate increase in S-warfarin clearance (CL)/bioavailability (F).Note : Type of clinical study: randomized, open-label, controlled, 3-treatment, and 3-sequence crossover studies with at least a 14-day washout period between study periods of dosing. Subjects: healthy male subjects received a single 25 mg dose warfarin with or without pretreatment with Commission E19 recommended daily doses of St John's wort, Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng), ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), or ginger from commercially available products of known quality.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenosides*Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : 24 h of incubation at 37 degress celsiusType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : KanamycinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: The combination of kanamycin with ginsenosides significantly improved antibacterial activity (MIC=12.5-25 micrograms/mL for MRSA1, 25-100 micrograms/mL for MRSA2, and 50-100 micrograms/mL for MRSA3). FIC indexes had shown the combination of ginsenosides and kanamycin had a synergistic or additive effect againt MRSA.Note : *Compound: Ginsenosides contained Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3, Rh2. The combination effect of commercial antibiotics and ginsenosides was determined by a checkboard assay and the effects were evaluated using fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexs. MRSA= methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenosides*Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : 24 h of incubation at 37 degress celsiusType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : CefotaximeDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: The combination of cefotaxime with ginsenosides significantly improved antibacterial activity (MIC=2.5-50 micrograms/mL for MRSA1, 5-50 micrograms/mL for MRSA2, and 5-50 icrograms/mL for MRSA3), FIC indexes had shown the combination of ginsenosides and cefotaxime had an additive effect againt MRSA.Note : *Compound: Ginsenosides contained Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3, Rh2. The combination effect of commercial antibiotics and ginsenosides was determined by a checkboard assay and the effects were evaluated using fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexs. MRSA= methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross-sectionN(Total) : 15N(Treatment) : -Sex : Both sexAge : 78+-/6 yrs.Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : Aspirin*/Acetylsalicylic acid/ASA/EcosprinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: Ginseng + Aspirin = Increased risk of bleeding (No. Potential or Possible Interactions = 1 of 45)Note : Subject total: Subjects were veterans over the age of 65 years who are frail and have complex medical and psychosocial problems.
