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Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : 20(S)-protopapanaxadiol (aglycone PPD;aPPD)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 20 micromolar/ml of aPPDDuration : 15 min at 37 degree celsius incubationType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: aPPD caused similar cytotoxicity in P388adr cells as their parental non-MDR cells, suggesting that aPPD may not be a substrate of P-gp. aPPD was able to inhibit P-gp activity as potently as verapamil on MDR cells. The blockage of P-gp activity was highly reversible as wash-out of aPPD resulted in an immediate revovery of P-gp activity. Unlike verapamil, aPPD did not affect ATPase activity of P-gp suggesting a different mechanism of action. aPPD, unlike its precursor ginsenoside Rg3 and Rh2, is not a substrate of P-gp.Note : Mouse leukemia cell lines P388adr (the multidrug resistant cells with P-gp overexpression), the parental cell line P388 (P388 wt) cells, human breast cancer cells MCF-7adr with P-gp over-expression and the parental cell line MCF-7 (MCF-7wt) were used in the study.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : GinsenosidesType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : NifedipineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Suspected potentiation of phenelzine and nifedipine (a CYP3A4 substrate) in animal study. Enzyme-selective effects on other CYP's depend on nature of extract. Ginsenosides inhibit P-gp at high concentrations. Avoid with MAOI's nifedipine, and in cancer chemotherapy.Note : Data incomplete, data from review article.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : GinsenosidesType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : PhenelzineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Suspected potentiation of phenelzine and nifedipine (a CYP3A4 substrate) in animal study. Enzyme-selective effects on other CYP's depend on nature of extract. Ginsenosides inhibit P-gp at high concentrations. Avoid with MAOI's nifedipine, and in cancer chemotherapy.Note : Data incomplete, data from review article.
Part Used : รากActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : 20(S)-ginsenoside F1 (20(S)-GF1), ginsenoside Rh1(Rh1)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 100 micromolarsDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : DigoxinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: The inhibitory effects on P-gp mediated digoxin transport were investigated in MDR1-MDCKII cells. Emodin, 18 beta-GA, DAG, and 20 (S)-GF1 exhibited significant inhibition (> 50%) on P-gp. However, the isomers or analogs of the 4 herbal constituents (chrysophanol, 18alpha-GA, AG, and Rh1) and the remaining tested compounds relatively weak inhibition on digoxin transport in this cell model. The concentraion-dependent inhibition on P-gp-mediated digoxin transport was further investigated for emodin, 18beta-GA, DAG, and 20(S)-GF1. Emodin was the strongest herbal inhibitor of P-gp, followed by 18beta-GA, 20(S)-GF1 and DAG. Consistent with the data obtained from MDR1-MDCKII cells, emodin, 18 beta-GA, DAG, and 20(S)-GF1 significantly inhibited digoxin transport (>50%), while chrysophanol, 18alpha-GA, AG, and Rh1 showed no effects or relatively weak inhibition on P-gp.
Part Used : รากActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : 20(S)-ginsenoside F1 (20(S)-GF1)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 5-100 micromolarsDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: 18 beta-GA and 20(S)-GF1 did not show any stimulation at low concentraions, but exhibited an inhibition at 100 micromolars. The of effects 18beta-GA and 20(S)-GF1 on verapamil-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity were also investigated. The results showed that both herbal inhibitors exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition on verapamil-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : GinsenosidesType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Suspected potentiation of phenelzine and nifedipine (a CYP3A4 substrate) in animal study. Enzyme-selective effects on other CYP's depend on nature of extract. Ginsenosides inhibit P-gp at high concentrations. Avoid with MAOl's, nifedipine, and in cancer chemotherapy. P. quinquefolius reduced effects of warfarin in healthy volunteers, but P. ginseng had no effect.Note : Data from review, data incomplete.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenosides F1Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : ginsenosides F1 10 mMDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) :Result : EquivocalRemark :Note : Result: The data suggest that the clearance of a variety of drugs may be diminished by concomitant use of these herbs via inhibition of P450 enzymes, but less so by Pgp-mediated effects. Data incomplete.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenosides Rh1Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : ginsenosides Rh1 10 mMDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) :Result : EquivocalRemark :Note : Result: The data suggest that the clearance of a variety of drugs may be diminished by concomitant use of these herbs via inhibition of P450 enzymes, but less so by Pgp-mediated effects. Data incomplete.
