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Part Used : น้ำมันหอมระเหยActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : peppermint oilType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : The essential oils at starting stock concentrations of 128 mg/ml in acetone were combined with ciprofloxacin or amphotericin at a starting stock concentration of 0.01 mg/ml in nine different ratios i.e. 9 : 1; 8 : 2; 7 : 3; 6 : 4; 5 : 5; 4 : 6; 3 : 7; 2 : 8 and 1 : 9.Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : CiprofloxacinDose/Conc.(drug) : The essential oils at starting stock concentrations of 128 mg/ml in acetone were combined with ciprofloxacin or amphotericin at a starting stock concentration of 0.01 mg/ml in nine different ratios i.e. 9 : 1; 8 : 2; 7 : 3; 6 : 4; 5 : 5; 4 : 6; 3 : 7; 2 : 8 and 1 : 9.Result : PositiveRemark : The combination profiles for M. piperita (peppermint) essential oil with commercial antimicrobial ciprofloxacin or amphotericin B is presented. Studies on S. aureus show a synergistic pattern for five ratios. Synergy was also noted when tested against K. pneumoniae for four ratios. However, depending on the ratio of the combination, antagonism was noted for four ratios with S. aureus, five ratios with K. pneumoniae and all ratios when tested against C. albicans. The best synergistic profiles noted for K. pneumoniae were closest to and including the 1 : 1 combination.
Part Used : น้ำมันหอมระเหยActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : peppermint oilType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : The essential oils at starting stock concentrations of 128 mg/ml in acetone were combined with ciprofloxacin or amphotericin at a starting stock concentration of 0.01 mg/ml in nine different ratios i.e. 9 : 1; 8 : 2; 7 : 3; 6 : 4; 5 : 5; 4 : 6; 3 : 7; 2 : 8 and 1 : 9.Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Amphotericin BDose/Conc.(drug) : The essential oils at starting stock concentrations of 128 mg/ml in acetone were combined with ciprofloxacin or amphotericin at a starting stock concentration of 0.01 mg/ml in nine different ratios i.e. 9 : 1; 8 : 2; 7 : 3; 6 : 4; 5 : 5; 4 : 6; 3 : 7; 2 : 8 and 1 : 9.Result : PositiveRemark : The combination profiles for M. piperita (peppermint) essential oil with commercial antimicrobial ciprofloxacin or amphotericin B is presented. Studies on S. aureus show a synergistic pattern for five ratios. Synergy was also noted when tested against K. pneumoniae for four ratios. However, depending on the ratio of the combination, antagonism was noted for four ratios with S. aureus, five ratios with K. pneumoniae and all ratios when tested against C. aolbicons. The best synergistic profiles noted for K. pneumoniae were closest to and including the 1 : 1 combination.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 100 microgram/mlDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark :
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Pulegone (PUL)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 100 mg/kg of PULDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : BupropionDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - After the 30 min adaptation period, saline or 1.25, 2.5 or 5 mg/kg of bupropion (BUP) was administered, followed 10 min later by administration of olive oil or 100 or 200 mg/kg of PUL. The ambulatory activity of individual ICR mouse was continuously measured in the following experiments, and the activity during the 60 min after the final administration of the agents was also recorded. Results: PUL and bupropion produced significant ambulation-promoting effects but their statistical interaction was not significant (Two-way ANOVA; effect of PUL F(2, 225) = 8.443, P < 0.05; effect of bupropion, F(3, 225) = 3.981, P < 0.05; their interaction, F(6.225) = 0.375, P > 0.05), indicating that the ambulation-promoting effect of PUL interacts with those of bupropion in an additive manner.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Pulegone (PUL)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 200 mg/kg of PULDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : BupropionDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - After the 30 min adaptation period, saline or 1.25, 2.5 or 5 mg/kg of bupropion (BUP) was administered, followed 10 min later by administration of olive oil or 100 or 200 mg/kg of PUL. The ambulatory activity of individual ICR mouse was continuously measured in the following experiments, and the activity during the 60 min after the final administration of the agents was also recorded. Results: PUL and bupropion produced significant ambulation-promoting effects but their statistical interaction was not significant (Two-way ANOVA; effect of PUL F(2, 225) = 8.443, P < 0.05; effect of bupropion, F(3, 225) = 3.981, P < 0.05; their interaction, F(6.225) = 0.375, P > 0.05), indicating that the ambulation-promoting effect of PUL interacts with those of bupropion in an additive manner.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Pulegone (PUL)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 200 mg/kg of PULDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : ChlorpromazineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - After the 30 min adaptation period, 0.25-1 mg/kg of chlorpromazine was administered, followed 10 min later by administration of 200 mg/kg of PUL. The ambulatory activity of individual ICR mouse was continuously measured in the following experiments, and the activity during the 60 min after the final administration of the agents was also recorded. Results: chlorpromazine significantly suppressed the ambulation-promoting effect of 200 mg/kg of PUL in ICR mice in a dose-dependent manner (closed columns; F(3, 76) = 4.301, P < 0.05); differences from control, 0.25 mg/kg = 69.3; 0.5 mg/kg = 152.65 (P = 0.0043); 1 mg/kg = 161 (P = 0.0027).
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Pulegone (PUL)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 200 mg/kg of PULDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : HaloperidolDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - After the 30 min adaptation period, 0.032-0.125 mg/kg of haloperidol was administered, followed 10 min later by administraion of 200 mg/kg of PUL. The ambulatory activity of individual ICR mouse was continuously measured in the following experiments, and the activity during the 60 min after the final administration of the agents was also recorded. Results: haloperidol significantly suppressed the ambulation-promoting effect of 200 mg/kg of PUL in ICR mice in a dose-dependent manner (closed columns; F(3, 76) = 12.251, P < 0.05); differences from control, 0.032 mg/kg = 105.3; (P = 0.0012); 0.063 mg/kg = 122.45 (P = 0.0002); 0.125 mg/kg = 185.95 (P < 0.0001).
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Pulegone (PUL)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 200 mg/kg of PULDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : FluphenazineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - After the 30 min adaptation period, 0.063-0.25 mg/kg of fluphenazine was administered, followed 10 min later by administration of 200 mg/kg of PUL. The ambulatory activity of individual ICR mouse was continuously measured in the following experiments, and the activity during the 60 min after the final administration of the agents was also recorded. Results: fluphenazine suppressed the ambulation-promoting of 200 mg/kg of PUL (closed columns; F(3, 95) = 3.983, P < 0.05); differences from control, 0.063 mg/kg = 65.95; 0.125 mg/kg = 58.603; 0.25 mg/kg = 151.25 (P = 0.0009).
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Pulegone (PUL)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 200 mg/kg of PULDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : SpiperoneDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - After the 30 min adaptation period, 0.032-0.125 mg/kg of spiperone was administered, followed 10 min later by administration of 200 mg/kg of PUL. The ambulatory activity of individual ICR mouse was continuously measured in the following experiments, and the activity during the 60 min after the final administration of the agents was also recorded. Results: spiperone suppressed the ambulation-promoting of 200 mg/kg of PUL (closed columns; F(3, 76) = 17.173, P < 0.05); differences from control, 0.032 mg/kg = 158.5 (P < 0.0001); 0.063 mg/kg = 217.65 (P < 0.0001); 0.125 mg/kg = 240.7 (P < 0.0001).
Part Used : ใบActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Essential oilType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 25 microlitreDuration : 20 hoursType of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : PiperacillinDose/Conc.(drug) : 25 microlitreResult : PositiveRemark : - MIC of one sample alone for piperacillin (microgram/ml) = 1024, for peppermint (%, v/v) = 2 - MIC of one sample of the most effective combination for piperacillin (microgram/ml) = 64, for peppermint bark (%, v/v) = 0.50 - FIC of antibiotic = 0.063 - FIC of oil = 0.25 - FICI = 0.31Note : The miniumum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the bacterial strains under study were determined by means or broth microdilution as stated in CLSI M07-A8. FIC = fraction inhibitory concentration. FICI = the combined effects of the antibiotics and essential oils were calculated and expressed in terms of FIC (FICI 0.5-4.0, no interaction; FICI > 4.0 antagonism).
