GRAMINEAE (POACEAE) Zea mays  L.

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[1] COMBINED CHEMOPREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF PERILLA OR CORN OIL AND INDOMETHACIN IN A RAT MEDIUM-TERM MULTIORGAN CARCINOGENESIS MODEL.
FUTAKUCHI M,HIROSE M,KAWABE M,ET AL.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY 2007 Vol.20(4),245-52  $19594 [Full]

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : DRUG INTERACTION
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleinc acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Equivocal
Remark : Result: The serum PGE2 levels tended to decrease on treatment wih indomethacin (IM) but were increased by corn oil compared with the control level. These latter increases tended to be diminished to the control level with the addition of IM (Corn oil +IM). However, no significant differences were observed between the values.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : PROSTAGLANDIN E2 INHIBITION
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleinc acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Equivocal
Remark : Result: The serum PGE2 levels tended to decrease on treatment wih indomethacin (IM) but were increased by corn oil compared with the control level. These latter increases tended to be diminished to the control level with the addition of IM (Corn oil +IM). However, no significant differences were observed between the values.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : GASTROINTESTINAL EFFECTS (UNSPECIFIED)
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Positive
Remark : Result: For colon tumor, the multiplicity of adenomas was significantly decreased in the indomethacin + corn oil group compared with the corn oil alone group.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : CARCINOGENESIS INHIBITION
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Positive
Remark : Result: For colon tumor, the multiplicity of adenomas was significantly decreased in the indomethacin + corn oil group compared with the corn oil alone group.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Positive
Remark : Result: For colon tumor, the multiplicity of adenomas was significantly decreased in the indomethacin + corn oil group compared with the corn oil alone group.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Equivocal
Remark : Result: For lung tumors, a tendency for increase in lung tumor formation was also observed in the corn oil group, but reduction to the control level was evident with additional indomethacin treatment.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : RESPIRATORY EFFECTS (UNSPECIFIED)
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Equivocal
Remark : Result: For lung tumors, a tendency for increase in lung tumor formation was also observed in the corn oil group, but reduction to the control level was evident with additional indomethacin treatment.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : CARCINOGENESIS INHIBITION
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Equivocal
Remark : Result: For lung tumors, a tendency for increase in lung tumor formation was also observed in the corn oil group, but reduction to the control level was evident with additional indomethacin treatment.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : TUMOR PROMOTING EFFECT
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Positive
Remark : Result: For renal cell tumors, corn oil with indomethacin significantly increased the incidence of nephroblastomas.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.

Part Used : เมล็ด
Activity : NEPHROTOXIC ACTIVITY
Solvent/Active Compound : n-6 linoleic acid-rich corn oil (C-oil)
Type of experiment : in vivo
Type of animal : rat
Type of study : -
N(Total) : -
N(Treatment) : -
Sex : -
Age : -
Route : Oral administration
Dose/Conc.(herb) : 10% corn oil plus 40 ppm indomethacin in their drinking water
Duration : 32 weeks
Type of interaction : Pharmacodynamics
Interaction with drug : Indomethacin*/Indometacin
Dose/Conc.(drug) : indomethacin 40 ppm in the drinking water
Result : Positive
Remark : Result: For renal cell tumors, corn oil with indomethacin significantly increased the incidence of nephroblastomas.
Note : The animals were given a combined treatment comprised of a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body weight N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the commencement of the study, four i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt. N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) (on days 3, 6, 9 and 12), four s.c. administrations of 40 mg/kg body wt. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (on days 14, 18, 22 and 29), 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and 0.1% N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine (DHPN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks during the initial four week period for wide spectrum initiation. Three days after completion of carcinogen exposure, test diets were given to the animals.


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