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Part Used : ใบActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : 60% AcetoneType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Dose in 0.53 L**Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Mycophenolic acid*/Mycophenolate/MMF/MPA/MofetilDose/Conc.(drug) : 240 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Results: Gingko and acid-hydrolyzed gingko extracts inhibited mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide formation in human liver microsome with IC50 values of 84.3+/-11.6 and 20.9+/-3.6 microgram/ml, respectively. For a RDI of 240 mg, this would result in VDI of 2.9 and 11.4 l/dose for unhydrolyzed and acid hydrolyzed gingko extracts, respectively.Note : Type of experiment: *Human liver microsomal (HLM) **Working solutions were freshly prepared so that final herbal concentrations in screening incubations would represent the recommended daily intake of each extract in 53, 5.3, and 0.53 liters. Each herbal extract was coincubated at three concentrations with trifluoperazine (for UGT1A4), serotonin (for UGT1A6), and mycophenolic acid (for UGT1A9) and human liver microsome. Formation of trifluoperezine glucoronide, serotonin glucuronide, and mycophenolic acid beta-D- glucoronide were used as index reactions for activity of UGT1A4, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 enzyme activities, respectively.
Part Used : ใบActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross-sectionN(Total) : 250N(Treatment) : 101Sex : Both sexAge : 69+/-10 yrs.Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : Consumption of herbs at least 4 times per weekDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Consumption of herbs at least 4 times per week was associated with suboptimal anticoagulation control with warfarin. Patients treated with warfarin should not only be aware of the intake of herbal drugs but also of foods with herbal ingredients such as garlic, ginger, and papaya.Note : Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were prescribed warfarin therapy for at least 6 months before the study were recruited from the medical and cardiac clinics.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 0.5% ginkgo biloba ext. (GBE)Duration : 2 weeksType of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : NicardipineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : GBE significantly increased hepatic P450 content.Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 0.5% ginkgo biloba ext. (GBE)Duration : 2 weeksType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : NicardipineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : GBE administration resulted in a significant decrease in maximal nicardipine plasma conc. (Cmax) and the 23-h area under curve (AUC0-23).Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginkgo biloba ext. (EGb761)Type of experiment : non specifiedType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : The full ext. was found to strongly inhibit CYP2C9 (Ki=14+/-microgram/mL.)Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : The terpenoidic fractionType of experiment : non specifiedType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : The terpenoidic fraction inhibited only CYP2C9 (Ki=15+/-6 microgram/mL.)Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Flavonoidic fraction of EGb761Type of experiment : non specifiedType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : The flavonoidic fraction of EGB761 showed high inhibition of CYP2C9, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4 (ki's between 4.9 and 55 microgram/mL)Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 100 mg/kg BWDuration : three dyas before and seven days after the treatment with cisplatinType of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : Cisplatin*/CDDPDose/Conc.(drug) : 7 mg/kg at 4th day of the treatmentResult : PositiveRemark : Type of experiment: The exptl. groups were as follows: Control group, Cisplatin-treated group (Cisplatin), and a group treated with Cisplatin plus Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). Results: Ginkgo biloba extract may prevent kidney damage caused by cisplatin.Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ใบActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : guinea pigType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : Cisplatin*/CDDPDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Combined use of extract of EGb and DFO could effectively reduce the ototoxicity of cisplatin, its effect is better than using EGb singly, and similar to that of using DFO alone.Note : Type of experiment: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into the cisplatin group, the Ginkgo leaf (EGb) group, the deferoxamine (DFO) group, the combined treated group (EGb+DFO) and the control group. Data incomplete
Part Used : ใบActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : guinea pigType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : Desferrioxamine*/DeferoxamineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Combined use of extract of EGb and DFO could effectively reduce the ototoxicity of cisplatin, its effect is better than using EGb singly, and similar to that of using DFO alone.Note : Type of experiment: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into the cisplatin group, the Ginkgo leaf (EGb) group, the deferoxamine (DFO) group, the combined treated group (EGb+DFO) and the control group. Data incomplete
