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Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 12N(Treatment) : 12Sex : MaleAge : 20-36 yrsRoute : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 2 tablets x 3 times dailyDuration : 1 week with at least 14-day washoutType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : There were no significant changes observed in the pharmacokinetic parameters of S- or R-warfarin in healthy male subjects following treatment with ginkgo or ginger. The urinary excretion rate of S-7-hydroxywarfarin after administration of warfarin alone was no significant difference following treatment with either ginkgo or ginger.Note : Each ginger tablet containing 0.4 g of ginger rhizome powder Each Gingko tablet equivalent to 2 g of Ginkgo biloba leaf (9.6 mg of ginkgo flavonglycosides, 2.4 mg of ginkgolides and bilobalide)
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE)Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : 40N(Treatment) : 40Sex : MaleAge : *Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : Two 60-mg capsules taken twice dailyDuration : 14 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : BupropionDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : *Age: mean 21.3+/-1.4 yrs, range 19-25 yrs GBE administration resulted in no significant effects on the AUC0-infinity value of bupropion and hydroxybupropion. Bupropion mean AUC0-infinity value was 1.4 microgram.h/ml-1 (95% Cl 1.2, 1.6) prior to GBE treatment and 1.2 microgram.h/ml-1 (95% Cl 1.1, 1.4) after 14 days of treatment. Hydroxybupropion mean AUC0-infinity value was 8.2 microgram.h/ml (95% Cl 6.5, 10.4) before GBE administration and 8.7 microgram.h/ml (95% Cl 7.1, 10.6) after treatment. The Cmax of hydroxybupropion increased from 221.8 nanogram/ml (95% Cl 176.6, 278.6) to 272.7 nanogram/ml (95% Cl 215.0, 345.8) (p=0.038) and the t1/2 of hydroxybupropion fell from 25.0 h (95% Cl 22.7, 27.5) to 21.9 h (95% Cl 19.9, 24.1) (p=0.000).Note : - Healthy volunteers. - After an overnight fast, volunteers ingested a single oral dose of 150 mg sustained-release bupropion with water (150 ml). Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were taken for 3 days post dose. Following a wash-out period of at least 7 days, volunteers took two 60-mg capsules (120 mg) of G. biloba twice daily for 14 days. On day 15, a single 15-mg oral dose of bupropion was then administered after overnight fasting. - The GBE, containing a minimum of 24% ginkgo flavones glycosides and 6% terpene lactone.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : Ginkgolide B (GB)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntravenousDose/Conc.(herb) : 10 mg/kgDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Probenecid*/BenemidDose/Conc.(drug) : 300 mg/kgResult : PositiveRemark : The systemic exposure in the group treated with probenecid (p<0.05 vs control) was significantly raised to 14.75+/-1.328 microgram/mL/h. Specifically, probenecid could significantly decreased the CLtotal of GB from 1.17+/-0.331 to 0.596+/-0.0573 L/h/kg. Albeit probenecid could significantly reduce GB clearance and volume of distribution (V) when compared with control group, the elimination half-time (t1/2lambda) of each group remained close to each other, fitted as 2.04+/-0.376, and 2.34+/-0.851, for the control and probenecid, respectively.Note : CLtotal = total plasma clearance
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 0.5% ginkgo biloba ext. (GBE)Duration : 2 weeksType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : NicardipineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : GBE administration resulted in a significant decrease in maximal nicardipine plasma conc. (Cmax) and the 23-h area under curve (AUC0-23).Note : Data incomplete
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Double-blind trialN(Total) : 11N(Treatment) : 11Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : *Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : FlurbiprofenDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : EquivocalRemark : Dose: * Single 100 mg dose of flurbiprofen + standardized G. biloba leaf preposition (Ginkgold, 3 doses of 120 mg) - Each 60 mg Ginkgold tablet contained 6.6 microgram of amentoflavone and 61.2 microgram of quercetin. - Mean kinetic variables for flurbiprofen with either placebo or G. biloba were elimination half-life, 3.9 vs. 3.5 h; total AUC, 57 vs. 55 microgram/mL per hour; and oral clearance 32.9 vs. 31.6 mL/min. None of these differences was significant.Note : - Data incomplete
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 11N(Treatment) : 11Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : *Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : FlurbiprofenDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : EquivocalRemark : Dose: * Single 100 mg dose of flurbiprofen + standardized G. biloba leaf preposition (Ginkgold, 3 doses of 120 mg) - Each 60 mg Ginkgold tablet contained 6.6 microgram of amentoflavone and 61.2 microgram of quercetin. - Mean kinetic variables for flurbiprofen with either placebo or G. biloba were elimination half-life, 3.9 vs. 3.5 h; total AUC, 57 vs. 55 microgram/mL per hour; and oral clearance 32.9 vs. 31.6 mL/min. None of these differences was significant.Note : - Data incomplete
Part Used : -Activity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : The standard Ginkgo biloba extraction (EGB761)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : EGB761 10 mg/kg/dayDuration : 10 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Propranolol*/Propanolol/Beta-propranololDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : EquivocalRemark :Note : - A single oral dose of propranolol (10 mg/kg) was administered on day 11. - Data incomplete
Part Used : -Activity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : The standard Ginkgo biloba extraction (EGB761)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : EGB761 100 mg/kg/dayDuration : 10 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Propranolol*/Propanolol/Beta-propranololDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Pretreatment of EGB761 at 100 mg/kg for 10 days significantly reduced the area uder the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of propranolol, whereas those values of N-desisopropylpropranolol (NDP) were significantly increased.Note : - A single oral dose of propranolol (10 mg/kg) was administered on day 11. - Data incomplete
Part Used : -Activity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Ciclosporin*/Cyclosporin/Cyclosporin A/Cyclosporine/CsA/CyADose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark :Note : - Cyclosporin was administered orally and i.v. to rats with and without an oral dose of ginkgo or onion in crossover designs. - Oral coadministration of ginkgo and onion significantly decreased the Cmax of cyclosporine by 62% and 60%, and reduced the AUC0-t by 51% and 68%, respectively, whereas no influence observed when cyclosporine was given by i.v. - Data incomplete.
Part Used : ใบActivity : EFFECTS ON PHARMACOKINETICSolvent/Active Compound : Ginkgo biloba extraction (GBE)Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : 10N(Treatment) : 10Sex : MaleAge : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : GBE intake 360 mg/dDuration : 28 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : TolbutamideDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : - Tolbutamide 125 mg were orally administered to 10 male healthy volunteers before and after GBE intake, and received 75 g glucose after the dosing of tolbutamide. - The area under concentration vs. time curve (AUC0-alpha) for tolbutamide after GBE intake was slightly but significantly (16%) lower than that before GBE intake. Concomitantly, GBE tended to attenuate AUC0-2 of blood glucose-lowering effect of tolbutamide.Note : - Data incomplete
