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Part Used : ใบActivity : GENE EXPRESSION INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : bilobalide (BB)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : BB 50 microMDuration : Transfected cells were then treated with BB for 24 h.Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : EquivocalRemark : Result: Only marginal activation of human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) was observed after the treatment of BB, which was in agreement with the negligible induction of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 by BB in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : GENE EXPRESSION INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : quercetin (Que)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Que 25 mcg/mlDuration : Cultured human primary hepatocytes were treated for 24 h with QueType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: All flavonoids of EGb 761 failed to induce any tested human drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or drug transporters in human hepatocytes, revealing a discrepancy between the potent activation of NRs in HepG2 cells and the lack of induction of their target genes in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : GENE EXPRESSION INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : kaempferol (Kae)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Kae 20 mcg/mlDuration : Cultured human primary hepatocytes were treated for 24 h with KaeType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: All flavonoids of EGb 761 failed to induce any tested human drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or drug transporters in human hepatocytes, revealing a discrepancy between the potent activation of NRs in HepG2 cells and the lack of induction of their target genes in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ใบActivity : GENE EXPRESSION INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : tamarixetin (Tam)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Tam 10 mcg/mlDuration : Cultured human primary hepatocytes were treated for 24 h with TamType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: All flavonoids of EGb 761 failed to induce any tested human drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or drug transporters in human hepatocytes, revealing a discrepancy between the potent activation of NRs in HepG2 cells and the lack of induction of their target genes in human hepatocytes.Note : Abbreviations: AhR = Arylhydrocarbon receptor GA = Ginkgolide A, GB = Ginkgolide B, CAR = Constitutive androstane receptor, BB = Bilobalide, Que = Quercetin, Kae = Kaempferol, Tam = Tamarexetin
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : GENE EXPRESSION INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginkgo biloba extract*Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Ginkgo biloba extract 25, 50, 100, 200, or 300 mcg/mLDuration : MCF-10A cells were treated with G. biloba extract once every 24 h for 48 h.Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: As analyzed by real-time PCR analysis with gene-specific primers, G. biloba extract did not upregulate AhR gene expression.Note : Solvent/compound: Ginkgo biloba extract contained 6.2% w/w terpene trilactones, consisting of bilobalide (2.8%), ginkgolide A (1.1%), ginkgolide B (0.3%), ginkgolide C (1.4%), and ginkgolide J (0.6%). It also contained 21% w/w flavonols (as sum of the aglycone and glycosides), consisting of quercetin (10.6%), kaempferol (6.3%), and isorhamnetin (4.1%).
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : GENE EXPRESSION INDUCTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginkgo biloba extract*Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : Ginkgo biloba extract 100 mcg/mLDuration : MCF-10A cells were treated with G. biloba extract and 3',4'-dimethoxyflavone (DMF; an antagonist of AhR) at 1, 5, and 10 mmol/L once every 24 h for 48 h.Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: MCF-10A cells were treated with the extract and 3',4'-dimethoxyflavone (DMF; an antagonist of AhR) at 1, 5, and 10 mmol/L decreased CYP1B1 mRNA expression by 45%, 68%, and 79%, respectively. By comparsion, 1, 5, and 10 mmol/L of the AhR antagonist decreased CYP1A1 mRNA expression by 57%, 91%, and 95%, respectively.Note : Solvent/compound: Ginkgo biloba extract contained 6.2% w/w terpene trilactones, consisting of bilobalide (2.8%), ginkgolide A (1.1%), ginkgolide B (0.3%), ginkgolide C (1.4%), and ginkgolide J (0.6%). It also contained 21% w/w flavonols (as sum of the aglycone and glycosides), consisting of quercetin (10.6%), kaempferol (6.3%), and isorhamnetin (4.1%).
