| Synonym |
| Thai / English name |
Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross-sectionN(Total) : 250N(Treatment) : 10Sex : Both sexAge : 69+/-10 yrs.Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : Consumption of herbs at least 4 times per weekDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Consumption of herbs at least 4 times per week was associated with suboptimal anticoagulation control with warfarin. Patients treated with warfarin should not only be aware of the intake of herbal drugs but also of foods with herbal ingredients such as garlic, ginger, and papaya.Note : Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were prescribed warfarin therapy for at least 6 months before the study were recruited from the medical and cardiac clinics.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Dry extract/ginsenosides (T-ginseng)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : guinea pigType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Sub-cutaneousDose/Conc.(herb) : (a) injecting guinea pigs with a mixture of T-ginseng and inactivated porcine parvovirus (PPV) as a conventional vaccine.Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : VaccineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: T-ginseng and Al(OH)3 acted synergistically and further improved the antibody response to the PPV-antigen to 6826+/- 2413, i.e. more than 20 times the Hl titre of the non-adjvanted PPV-vaccine. Immunisations using PPV-vaccines adjuvanted with single purified G-des demonstrated that the ginseng fractions Rb1 and Rg1 are potent adjuvants inducing higher or similar antibody titres than the vaccine adjuvanted with Al(OH)3, e.g. Rb1 tested at a concentration of 830 micrograms per dose induced a higher antibody titre than the one adjuvanted with Al(OH)3. Nevertheless, different than the mixture Al(OH)3-T-ginseng; Rb1 and Rg1 act antagonistically and partially inhibit each other. The G-des adjuvanted vaccines induced higher titres of IgG2 antibodies compared with IgG1.Note : PPV = inactivated porcine parvovirus HI = haemagglutination inhibition test G-des = ginsenosides
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Dry extract/ginsenosides (T-ginseng)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : guinea pigType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Sub-cutaneousDose/Conc.(herb) : (b) injecting PPV-antigen and T-ginseng simultaneously but separately at different sites on the animal.Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : VaccineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: T-ginseng and Al(OH)3 acted synergistically and further improved the antibody response to the PPV-antigen to 6826+/- 2413, i.e. more than 20 times the Hl titre of the non-adjvanted PPV-vaccine. Immunisations using PPV-vaccines adjuvanted with single purified G-des demonstrated that the ginseng fractions Rb1 and Rg1 are potent adjuvants inducing higher or similar antibody titres than the vaccine adjuvanted with Al(OH)3, e.g. Rb1 tested at a concentration of 830 micrograms per dose induced a higher antibody titre than the one adjuvanted with Al(OH)3. Nevertheless, different than the mixture Al(OH)3-T-ginseng; Rb1 and Rg1 act antagonistically and partially inhibit each other. The G-des adjuvanted vaccines induced higher titres of IgG2 antibodies compared with IgG1.Note : PPV = inactivated porcine parvovirus HI = haemagglutination inhibition test G-des = ginsenosides
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Dry extract/ginsenosides (T-ginseng)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : guinea pigType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Sub-cutaneousDose/Conc.(herb) : (c) injecting only the T-ginseng 1 or 2 weeks prior to immunisation with the PPV-antigen.Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : VaccineDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: T-ginseng and Al(OH)3 acted synergistically and further improved the antibody response to the PPV-antigen to 6826+/- 2413, i.e. more than 20 times the Hl titre of the non-adjvanted PPV-vaccine. Immunisations using PPV-vaccines adjuvanted with single purified G-des demonstrated that the ginseng fractions Rb1 and Rg1 are potent adjuvants inducing higher or similar antibody titres than the vaccine adjuvanted with Al(OH)3, e.g. Rb1 tested at a concentration of 830 micrograms per dose induced a higher antibody titre than the one adjuvanted with Al(OH)3. Nevertheless, different than the mixture Al(OH)3-T-ginseng; Rb1 and Rg1 act antagonistically and partially inhibit each other. The G-des adjuvanted vaccines induced higher titres of IgG2 antibodies compared with IgG1.Note : PPV = inactivated porcine parvovirus HI = haemagglutination inhibition test G-des = ginsenosides
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Asian or Siberian ginsengType of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : DigoxinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: Serum pools prepared from samples from patients receiving digoxin and then supplemented with Asian or Siberian ginseng showed falsely increased digoxin values using the fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) falsely decreased values using the microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA). Digoxin-like immunoreactive substances (DLISs) showed synergistic effects with ginsengs in interfering with the FPIA and MEIA for digoxin. No interference was observed with 3 other digoxin assays, even in the presence of elevated DLISs.Note : Data incomplete.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : DigoxinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Result: When aliquots of a digoxin pool prepared from patients receiving digoxin were supplemented with these Chinese medicines, the most significant interference with the fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was observed. The presence of endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive substances can have additive effects with these Chinese medicines and falsely increase apparent digoxin levels by the FPIA. On the other hand, the Roche and Beckman assays were free from interference from DLIS but showed significant interference from Chan Su and Lu-Shen-Wan.Note : Data incomplete.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Open trialN(Total) : 12*N(Treatment) : 12Sex : MaleAge : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : A single 25-mg dose of warfarin after 7 days' pretreatment with ginseng. Dosing with ginseng was continued for 7 days after administration of the warfarin doseType of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: INR and platelet aggregation were not affected by treatment with ginseng. Ginseng did not affect the apparent vols. of distribution or protein binding of warfarin enantiomers. Coadministration of warfarin with ginseng did not affect the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of either S-warfarin or R-warfarin.Note : Type of study: open-label, three-way crossover randomized study. Subject total: Healthy volunteers. Data incomplete.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Cross overN(Total) : 12*N(Treatment) : 12Sex : MaleAge : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : A single 25-mg dose of warfarin after 7 days' pretreatment with ginseng. Dosing with ginseng was continued for 7 days after administration of the warfarin doseType of interaction : P.Kinetics & P.DynamicsInteraction with drug : WarfarinDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Result: INR and platelet aggregation were not affected by treatment with ginseng. Ginseng did not affect the apparent vols. of distribution or protein binding of warfarin enantiomers. Coadministration of warfarin with ginseng did not affect the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of either S-warfarin or R-warfarin.Note : Type of study: open-label, three-way crossover randomized study. Subject total: Healthy volunteers. Data incomplete.
Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : red ginseng acidic polysaccharideType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : Cyclophosphamide*/CPM/CTX/CYTDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : The red ginseng acidic polysaccharide consists of 41.5-61.5% of glucuronic acid, 3.9-5.9% of galacturonic acid, 15.1-35.1% of glucose, and 0.5-2.5% of arabinose and has a molecular weight of 12,000-450,000 Da.Note : Data incomplete.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : -Type of experiment : humanType of animal : -Type of study : Case seriesN(Total) : 547N(Treatment) : *Sex : -Age : -Route : Non-specifiedDose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : Non-specifiedInteraction with drug : -Dose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark :Note : *Subject (N) treatment: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) was used in 77% of our population (421.19). - 599 CAM usages that could result in drug interactions. Data incomplete.
