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| Thai / English name |
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginsenoside Rg3Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 40 mg/kgDuration : 14 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Doxorubicin*/Adrimycin/ADR/AdriaDose/Conc.(drug) : 15 mg/kg; i.p.Result : PositiveRemark : Type of experiment: The rats were treated with adriamycin (ADM) or a combination of ADM and Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3; 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg for 14 days. Results: Rg3 could ameliorate the decrease in the ejection fraction and fractional shortening that was induced by ADM, and improve the left ventricular outflow. The aortic ring assay showed that Rg3 could partially recover the abnormal vascular function.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginsenoside Rg3Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Doxorubicin*/Adrimycin/ADR/AdriaDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : PositiveRemark : Type of experiment: Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMEC) from neonatal rats. Results: Ginsenoside Rg3 could promote cell viability to attenuate ADM induced oxidative damage and apoptosis. This counteraction was achieved partially via activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway through the activation of Akt.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 50 micromolarDuration : The incubation time was set at 5 minType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Rifampicin*/RifampinDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Result: The ppt-type ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1 were found to be substrates of human OATP1B3, rather than those of human OATP1B1. Ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd were not transported by OATP1B3 and OATP1B1. The ppt-type ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1 exhibited weak inhibitory properties towards the OATP1B transporters (IC50 values > 39 micromolar).
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 50 micromolarDuration : The incubation time was set at 5 minType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Oestradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide*/Estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide*/Estradiol glucuronideDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Result: The ppt-type ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1 were found to be substrates of human OATP1B3, rather than those of human OATP1B1. Ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd were not transported by OATP1B3 and OATP1B1. The ppt-type ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1 exhibited weak inhibitory properties towards the OATP1B transporters (IC50 values > 39 micromolar).
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 100 micromolarDuration : The incubation time was set at 5 minType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Oestradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide*/Estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide*/Estradiol glucuronideDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Result: However, these ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters exhibited little or no activity towards the transports of the ppd-type ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd. The ppd-type ginsenosides did not exhibit any significant inhibitory activity towards these ABC transporters. This was indicated by 100 micromolar ginsenosides producing only 7.3-21.3% inhibition of transport activities of MRP2 (oestradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide), BCRP (methotrexate) and BSEP (taurocholic acid).
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 100 micromolarDuration : The incubation time was set at 5 minType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Methotrexate*/Amethopterin/MTXDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Result: However, these ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters exhibited little or no activity towards the transports of the ppd-type ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd. The ppd-type ginsenosides did not exhibit any significant inhibitory activity towards these ABC transporters. This was indicated by 100 micromolar ginsenosides producing only 7.3-21.3% inhibition of transport activities of MRP2 (oestradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide), BCRP (methotrexate) and BSEP (taurocholic acid).
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 100 micromolarDuration : The incubation time was set at 5 minType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Taurocholate*/Taurocholic acid/Cholyltaurine/Cholaic acidDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Result: However, these ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters exhibited little or no activity towards the transports of the ppd-type ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd. The ppd-type ginsenosides did not exhibit any significant inhibitory activity towards these ABC transporters. This was indicated by 100 micromolar ginsenosides producing only 7.3-21.3% inhibition of transport activities of MRP2 (oestradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide), BCRP (methotrexate) and BSEP (taurocholic acid).
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 50 micromolarDuration : The incubation time was set at 5 minType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Rifampicin*/RifampinDose/Conc.(drug) : 10 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Result: The Km values of the ppt-type ginsenosides for rat Oatp 1b2 were slightly greater than those for human OATP1B3. The Oatp 1b2-mediated uptake of the ppt-type ginsenosides was also inhibited competitively be rifampin. These ABC transporters did not exhibit any significant activity towards the transports of the ppd-type ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntravenousDose/Conc.(herb) : The individual compounds at 2.5 micromol/kgDuration : In the first rat study, serial blood samples (60 microlitre; 0, 5, 15, 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 24 h) were collected after dosing and heparinized.Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Rifampicin*/RifampinDose/Conc.(drug) : 20 mg/kg i.v.Result : PositiveRemark : Result: Rifampin is an OATP/Oatp inhibitor and substrate. There were significant differences between the ppt-type ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1) and the ppd-type ginsenosides (ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd) in the systemic exposure and elimination kinetics after i.v. dosing with the individual compounds at 2.5 micromol/kg. This was shown by the plasma AUC0-inf and t1/2 values of the latter, which were 105-368 times and 26-88 times, respectively, greater than those of the former. To determine the role of the rapid hepatobiliary excretion of the ppt-type ginsenosides in the preceding differences relative to their ppd-type counterparts, rats were treated with rifampin. The treatment led to slowed biliary excretion of the ppt-type ginsenosides.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, RdType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntravenousDose/Conc.(herb) : The individual compounds at 2.5 micromolar/kgDuration : In the second rat study, bile samples were collected from rats between 0-2, 2-6, 6-12 and 12-24 h after dosing and were weighed.Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Rifampicin*/RifampinDose/Conc.(drug) : 20 mg/kg i.v.Result : PositiveRemark : Result: Rifampin is an OATP/Oatp inhibitor and substrate. There were significant differences between the ppt-type ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1) and the ppd-type ginsenosides (ginsenosides Rb1, Rc and Rd) in the systemic exposure and elimination kinetics after i.v. dosing with the individual compounds at 2.5 micromol/kg. This was shown by the plasma AUC0-inf and t1/2 values of the latter, which were 105-368 times and 26-88 times, respectively, greater than those of the former. To determine the role of the rapid hepatobiliary excretion of the ppt-type ginsenosides in the preceding differences relative to their ppd-type counterparts, rats were treated with rifampin. The treatment led to slowed biliary excretion of the ppt-type ginsenosides. This was indicated by the CLB values of the ppt-type ginsenosides in the rifampin-treated rats, which were only 3.1-10.6% of those in the control rats.
