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Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : red ginseng powderType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : -Duration : -Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Enflurane*/Methylflurether/Efrane/EthraneDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : - Twenty four rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6) as follows: group 1 - control, group 2-4 red ginseng extract 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg/day, respectively. Each dose was dissolved in 0.9% saline (0.5 ml) and administered with 22G gavage needle three times a day for three days. End of study rats were killed and collected liver microsomes for measurement of protein content and anesthetic defluorination activity. - The rates of enflurane and methoxyflurane defluorination by rat liver microsomes determined by incubation of 10 microliters of each anesthetic with 5 mg of microsomal protein.Note : There were no statistically significant differences in hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 content or defluorination of enflurane and methoxyflurane between control and experimental groups using either red ginseng extract or powder.
Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : red ginseng powderType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) :Duration :Type of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : MethoxyfluraneDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : - Twenty four rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6) as follows: group 1 - control, group 2-4 red ginseng extract 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg/day, respectively. Each dose was dissolved in 0.9% saline (0.5 ml) and administered with 22G gavage needle three times a day for three days. End of study rats were killed and collected liver microsomes for measurement of protein content and anesthetic defluorination activity. - The rates of enflurane and methoxyflurane defluorination by rat liver microsomes determined by incubation of 10 microliters of each anesthetic with 5 mg of microsomal protein.Note : There were no statistically significant differences in hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 content or defluorination of enflurane and methoxyflurane between control and experimental groups using either red ginseng extract or powder.
Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : red ginseng powderType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 62.5 mg/kg/dayDuration : 18 hoursType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Enflurane*/Methylflurether/Efrane/EthraneDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Red ginseng extract was dissolved in 0.9% saline (0.5 ml) and administered with 22G gavage needle. rats were dosed 18 hours before administered enflurane 0.6 microliters/g i.p.Note : There were no statistically significant differences in hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 content or defluorination of enflurane and methoxyflurane between control and experimental groups using either red ginseng extract or powder.
Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : red ginseng powderType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 125 mg/kg/dayDuration : 18 hoursType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Enflurane*/Methylflurether/Efrane/EthraneDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Red ginseng extract was dissolved in 0.9% saline (0.5 ml) and administered with 22G gavage needle. rats were dosed 18 hours before administered enflurane 0.6 microliters/g i.p.Note : There were no statistically significant differences in hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 content or defluorination of enflurane and methoxyflurane between control and experimental groups using either red ginseng extract or powder.
Part Used : เหง้าActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : red ginseng powderType of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 125 mg/kg/dayDuration : 18 hoursType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Enflurane*/Methylflurether/Efrane/EthraneDose/Conc.(drug) : -Result : NegativeRemark : Red ginseng extract was dissolved in 0.9% saline (0.5 ml) and administered with 22G gavage needle. rats were dosed 18 hours before administered enflurane 0.6 microliters/g i.p.Note : There were no statistically significant differences in hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 content or defluorination of enflurane and methoxyflurane between control and experimental groups using either red ginseng extract or powder.
Part Used : รากActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : waterType of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : -Dose/Conc.(herb) : 100 microgram/mlDuration : -Type of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : Imatinib*/Glivec/Imatinib mesylateDose/Conc.(drug) : 0.1 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Treated KBM-5, K562, THP-1, U266, and MM1.S cells with KRGE in combination with IM for 24 h, and then examined the cell viability with an MTT assay. The results found that KRGE indeed enhanced the cytotoxic effects of IM only in KBM-5 cells. The combination treatment indeed enhanced apoptosis by activation of caspase-3 and induced PARP cleavage, suppressed antiapoptosis and proliferative proteins expression, decreased the phosphorylation of p38, STAT5, and p53 in KBM-5 cells and inhibited STAT5-DNA binding activities. These results show that KRGE and IM can abrogate the DNA binding ability of STAT5.Note : Imatinib mesylate = IM
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3)Type of experiment : in vitroType of animal : -Type of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : Oral administrationDose/Conc.(herb) : 100 micromolarDuration : lncubation for 30 minType of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : Doxorubicin*/Adrimycin/ADR/AdriaDose/Conc.(drug) : 2.5 micromolarResult : PositiveRemark : Rg3 is able to sensitize hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) to doxorbicin induced cell death in large part through the suppression of autophagy. This sensitization was observed in all the HCC tested, but not in normal human liver cell line, suggesting that Rg3 synergism with doxorubicin is selective to cancer cells. The minimal amount of caspase-3 cleavage was seen in some of the drying cells treated with Rg3 and doxorubicin when compared to the TRAlL induced caspase-3 cleavage. Thus, Rg3 and doxorubicin-induced cell death seems to be a largely a caspase-independent process.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3)Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : mouseType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 20 mg/kg Rg3, in phosphate-buffed salineDuration : 21 daysType of interaction : PharmacodynamicsInteraction with drug : Doxorubicin*/Adrimycin/ADR/AdriaDose/Conc.(drug) : 1 mg/kg, 3 times/weksResult : PositiveRemark : Rg3 or doxorubicin treatment alone had minimal effect on the growth of tumors at the doses used, with the tumor size similar to the control mice. Notably, combined treatment with Rg3 and doxorubicin led to significant reduction of the tumor volume on xenograft model mouse. Consistent with the data on tumor volume, the tumor weight was also significantly decreased in combination of Rg3 and doxorubicin. The tumors from mice treated with the Rg3-doxorubicin combination showed that the cell density was greatly lower than in the Rg3-or doxorubicin-only groups. Type of animal: Male, 6-week-old nude mice.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginsenoside Rg3Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 10 mg/kgDuration : 14 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Doxorubicin*/Adrimycin/ADR/AdriaDose/Conc.(drug) : 15 mg/kg; i.p.Result : PositiveRemark : Type of experiment: The rats were treated with adriamycin (ADM) or a combination of ADM and Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3; 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg for 14 days. Results: Rg3 could ameliorate the decrease in the ejection fraction and fractional shortening that was induced by ADM, and improve the left ventricular outflow. The aortic ring assay showed that Rg3 could partially recover the abnormal vascular function.
Part Used : ไม่ระบุActivity : DRUG INTERACTIONSolvent/Active Compound : Ginsenoside Rg3Type of experiment : in vivoType of animal : ratType of study : -N(Total) : -N(Treatment) : -Sex : -Age : -Route : IntraperitonealDose/Conc.(herb) : 20 mg/kgDuration : 14 daysType of interaction : PharmacokineticsInteraction with drug : Doxorubicin*/Adrimycin/ADR/AdriaDose/Conc.(drug) : 15 mg/kg; i.p.Result : PositiveRemark : Type of experiment: The rats were treated with adriamycin (ADM) or a combination of ADM and Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3; 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg for 14 days. Results: Rg3 could ameliorate the decrease in the ejection fraction and fractional shortening that was induced by ADM, and improve the left ventricular outflow. The aortic ring assay showed that Rg3 could partially recover the abnormal vascular function.
